Kuwait City, known as the world’s hottest city, is witnessing scenes reminiscent of biblical times, with birds falling from the sky and fish boiling in the sea. Once celebrated for its bustling fishing industry and lively coastline, the Middle Eastern metropolis is now grappling with scorching temperatures that surpass even the most severe heatwaves experienced in Europe.
In its prime, Kuwait City attracted sun-seekers similar to Victorian seaside resorts in Britain. However, while coastal destinations in the UK have evolved with amusement arcades, Kuwait City is battling extreme heat that has made outdoor activities perilous.
On July 21, 2016, the Mitribah weather station in northern Kuwait recorded a staggering temperature of 54C (129F), ranking as the third-highest temperature ever documented globally. Compared to Europe’s intense heatwave of 2023, Kuwait’s temperatures soar 10C higher.
Projections indicate a further increase of 5.5C (10F) in temperatures by the end of the century. The city endured over 19 days above 50C in 2021, a figure expected to be surpassed this year, underscoring the escalating impact of global warming.
The urban landscape, characterized by vast expanses of concrete and asphalt, is gradually becoming uninhabitable, posing significant health risks to residents. The region is experiencing reduced annual rainfall, leading to more frequent and intense dust storms.
Reports have emerged of birds dropping dead from the sky and marine life being cooked alive in the bay, highlighting the extreme conditions. The soaring temperatures, reaching 50C, not only cause discomfort but also pose serious health hazards such as heat exhaustion and cardiovascular issues.
To combat the extreme heat, the Kuwaiti government has permitted nighttime funerals this year. Residents opt to stay indoors in air-conditioned environments, with modern infrastructure offering relief from the harsh weather conditions.
Despite the challenging climate, Kuwait’s streets remain vibrant with activity, largely driven by migrant workers who make up approximately 70% of the population. These workers, attracted by the kafala system, mainly engage in construction and domestic roles, contributing to the city’s bustling atmosphere.
Recent studies highlight the heightened health risks faced by migrant workers due to extreme heat, projecting a potential increase in heat-related deaths among the population. Kuwait’s carbon footprint, ranking among the highest in the region, necessitates urgent action to mitigate climate change effects.
Energy consumption is expected to triple by 2030, primarily fueled by the prevalent use of air conditioning units. With the government subsidizing electricity and water expenses, there is little incentive for residents to reduce consumption, further exacerbating environmental challenges.
Environmental experts warn of dire consequences if global warming trends persist, including floods, droughts, coastal inundation, and biodiversity loss. The urgency for sustainable practices and climate action in Kuwait is underscored by the looming threats posed by escalating temperatures and environmental degradation.